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Abstract
Early Warning Score (EWS) is a clinical scoring system used to identify early signs of patient deterioration through physiological parameter monitoring. Nurses play a vital role in implementing EWS because they are directly involved in patient observation, assessment, and emergency response activation. Delays in recognizing patient deterioration may increase the risk of complications, morbidity, and mortality among hospitalized patients. Therefore, the development of technology-based EWS applications is needed to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of nursing services.
This study aimed to develop an Android-based Early Warning System application to support the early detection of emergency conditions in hospitalized patients. The study employed a quantitative descriptive design using a Research and Development (R&D) approach. The software development process applied the Waterfall method, including requirement analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and evaluation stages. Data collection was conducted through interviews, questionnaires, and expert validation involving emergency nursing experts, health information system experts, and application design experts.
The results showed that the Android-based EWS application was successfully designed to assist nurses in assessing patient conditions, automatically calculating EWS scores, and providing nursing intervention recommendations according to the patient’s level of deterioration. The application also supports documentation features and rapid clinical decision-making.
The implementation of the Android-based EWS application is expected to improve the quality of nursing services, enhance patient safety, and increase nurses’ compliance in conducting early detection of patient deterioration in hospital settings.
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